Varicose disease of the lower extremities occurs for a number of reasons that can be attributed to 3 groups: impaired blood clotting, lesions of the vessel wall, stasis changes of the surrounding tissues. Factor etiological affects the treatment, but the medication is not able to reduce the expanded section of Vienna.
Remedies for the veins to support a tone of vessels, but is not capable of restoring a functional valve insufficiency, which leads to stagnation.
Varicose veins: causes
With the increase of the blood clotting are prerequisites for the formation of blood clots. Hormonal changes lead to heart rate abnormal, decrease in the tonus of the wall vein, long-term changes.
The damage to the wall vein can be traumatic, physical, chemical, bacterial. In autoimmune diseases there is a thinning of the wall vein, due to destruction by antibodies. With a slight effort should highlight barriers to the collection of blood.
The increase of the pressure within the vessel can occur due to the compression of the pressure of the surrounding tissues. Varicose veins this combination is complicated. Probably the formation of venous ulcers.
Predisposing factors of varicose veins of the lower limbs:
- Obesity negative varicose veins in the plan. The excess of fat increases the pressure on the veins, contributes to congestive changes;
- Poor diet, eating foods with fiber contributes to the violation of vascular permeability. The increase in dietary fiber can reduce the intake of toxins in the intestines. A sedentary lifestyle is a factor that facilitates obesity, disorders of the circulation and venous;
- The majority of people exposed to the risk of complications in a sitting or standing position. Negative impact is damage to the valves of the veins. Corsets and tight clothing contributes to the compression of the veins in the groin area. The increase in intra-abdominal pressure when the external compression of the veins for a long time becomes stagnant cause changes in the lower extremities;
- The use of shoes with high heel – not physiological. This process promotes the stretching of the muscular-ligamentous apparatus, which leads to congestive changes in the veins;
- The valves are able to completely block the ship, and lead to congestive changes in the lower extremities. In the background of the pathology of the walls of the venous system overtraining, forming a venous nodes;
- The genetic predisposition is formed due to mutations of the apparatus of the gene responsible for the structure of the walls of the veins. Defects in the protein increasing the permeability of blood vessels, form permanent inflammatory changes, swelling due to sweat fluid through the membrane is damaged. The weakness of the vessel leads to the increase of the venous pressure. The result – varicose veins;
- Hormonal disorders during pregnancy increased levels of estrogen and progesterone, the influence of the formation of vascular clotting factors of the blood. The reduction of the tonus of the wall venosa in the background of the pathology leading to the deformation and obstruction of the blood vessels;
- Diabetes mellitus is a pathology, which leads to a decrease in the level of glucose in the blood, which creates a favourable environment for the development of the formation of blood clots;
- Alcohol abuse also leads to thickening of the blood, increases the risk of blood clots in the blood vessels;
- The long walk, the forced sitting position – predisposing factors of varicose veins;
- Poor nutrition, heavy work, slow blood flow to the heart, the development of stagnation is predisposing factors pathology;
- Chronic constipation accompanied by increased intra-abdominal pressure, the difficulty of the exit of the blood from the lower extremities;
- The dehydration under the influence of intense sun rays leads to thickening of the blood, accelerate the formation of blood clots;
- Venous insufficiency, congenital defects contribute to the pathology of the cardiovascular activity;
- Overdose of medicines increases the coagulation of the blood, leads to the obstruction of blood vessels by blood clots;
- Surgical intervention contribute to an increase in the volume of blood, increase the likelihood of thromboembolism.
Varicose veins of the legs is polietiologic disease. The patients there are usually several reasons that led to the development of the disease.
Varicose veins of the lower extremities: symptoms and treatment
Signs of varicose veins is specific for the diagnosis. Distinguish 2 forms of the disease depending on the characteristics of etiological factors, primary and secondary education.
The primary form is related to the weakness of the wall vein, arising under the influence of congenital or acquired factors. The secondary form develops under the influence of the other causes.
Causes of varicose veins in the legs:
- Swelling of the skin;
- The pigmentation (darkening);
- Pain syndrome in the evening and in the afternoon;
- Trophic lesions of the skin (eczema, dermatitis).
Primary varicose veins associated with weakness of the wall vein, the development of obesity, the proliferation of connective fibers. Secondary disease is formed due to the violation of the venous outflow in the trauma and tumors. The degree of increase of the stretching of the wall vein is unpredictable. In pathology, an increased risk of thromboembolism, which can end up in death. Normally blood clots are located in the legs, but there are cases of embolism of the venous system of the arms or the abdomen.
Secondary complication of the disease — sores. Even a minor scratch in violation of trophism can contribute to the formation of ulcers on the legs. With the disease is very difficult to handle when referring to the doctor. The treatment lasts from a few decades ago, so that is the moment to appeal to phlebologist.
Every day doctors have to deal with the bleeding. If the disease is started, veins protruding above the surface of the skin. Pathology leading to thrombosis with consequences irreversible. Continuously monitors the venous system. To avoid pathological changes should be connected thrombophlebitis with irreparable consequences.
The uniqueness of the extension of the wall of the vein pain syndrome occurs only in the initial phase. Slowly, the receptors get used to the pain, so that the wider Vienna, less pronounced pain.
The symptoms of varicose veins in the early stages:
- Seal;
- Redness;
- Burning sensation;
- The pain.
Through the venous valves, the blood must move in the opposite direction. With their failure develops reverse flow, therefore, the development of stagnation. Accumulation of blood in a specific location creates preconditions for the formation of blood clots. A similar image was observed in the infringement of the technology of treatment of varicose veins. On the site of the injection was formed, and the inflammation, offering the possibility of formation of a blood clot, increasing adhesive properties of the vascular wall.
Classification of thrombosis according to the current:
- Sharp;
- Chronicle.
Acute thrombophlebitis is developing rapidly. In the place of location of the varicose veins experiencing pain, redness, dilation of a vein.
A chronic course is characterized by severe signs. Pain in the pathology of periodical character. The patient suffers from pain after exercise. The bags were eliminated by elastic compression. Patients are advised to wear a special bandage.
Medical and surgical treatment
Drug treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs does not allow to get rid completely of the disease. In violation of permeability of vascular walls, congestive changes there is new formation of blood clots, which should be treated promptly to prevent pulmonary embolism and death. For these purposes, the use of special tools and anticoagulants in the form of oral tablets, local cream.
Most of the medical drugs is a popular treatment of physiotherapy (magnet, the theme is "the Bike", physiotherapy). To get rid of the skin, rashes recommended a decoction of oak bark, chamomile, St. John's wort.
Surgery to remove varicose veins in the legs – types, principles of treatment
These techniques are currently used less frequently because there are more and more popular surgery.
Sclerotherapy injection intravenous of the adhesive substance, which in the early stages of the disease in several sessions to remove the veins. The procedure consists in the introduction in a knot of varicose veins special substances that promote the overgrowth of the light, of the vein.
The coagulation of the affected vein laser is a modern procedure that allows to produce the excision of the tissue with a knife.
Indications for surgical phlebectomy:
- Significant expansion of saphenous veins,
- The risk of thromboembolism;
- Trophic disorders of the skin;
- Acute thrombophlebitis;
- Swelling, severe fatigue of the patient.
It is impossible to carry out the operation in pregnancy, severe infections, coronary disease, inflammation of the lower limbs, pyoderma, eczema. The only way of therapy disease varicose veins deep vein for the correction of the operation of the valve of the apparatus – a surgical operation.
Laser therapy is indicated for patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, the system urogenital, increased blood pressure, when surgical intervention is contraindicated.
To get rid of the nasty pattern of vascular of the testimony can be performed radiofrequency coagulation. Advantages of the operation is painless, no cosmetic defect of the skin, impairment of earning capacity.
Indication of the sclerotherapy disease pathology in duplex Doppler ultrasound, varicose veins in the early stages. The disadvantage of the procedure – because the sclerosant into the deep veins, reducing the effectiveness of treatment in advanced cases.
Treatment of chronic varicose veins
Chronic varicose veins should use elastic compression. For these purposes, develop a program:
- Compression hosiery class 1-2 with 0 degree;
- Elastic compression hosiery class 1-2 with mono therapy, physical therapy, with 1 degree;
- With 3-4 degrees it is recommended that elastic compression hosiery 2-3 class continued with the therapy, local treatment with ointments, physical therapy.
Misuse of certain therapies protect standardized scheme of therapy of varicose veins is described drugs. Assign the multiplicity, the dose of can only doctor.
Even the magnet with the varicose veins of the lower extremities, is applied strictly according to the directions. After the procedure you should assess the nature of the local changes.